Alzheimer's Disease is the most common cause of intellectual decline and dementia in the elderly, affecting approximately one out of 10 people over the age 65 and nearly half over age 85, women more frequently than men. It is characterised by shrinkage of the frontal or temporal lobes and nerve cell death in several areas of the brain which can lead to loss of key mental functions such as memory, learning and concentration. About 80% of people with dementia will have behavioral changes or psychological symptoms at some time. It can reduce quality of life for both patients and carers, and often result in transfer to residential care and higher costs. The symptoms can include anxiety, depression, psychotic symptoms, and behavioral symptoms such as aggression, agitation, wandering, sexual disinhibition, and screaming and swearing. Psychotic symptoms such as delusions and hallucinations occur in 30–50% of all patients with dementia.
Research has shown that acupuncture treatment may specifically help in dementia by regulating neuropeptide substances (somatostatin and arginine vasopressin) relevant to learning and memory; reducing the levels of 8-OHdG and decreasing lipid peroxidation in the brain, suggesting that acupuncture helps to prevent oxidative damage; activating certain cognitive-related regions in the brain; decreasing the overproduction of nitric oxide and strengthening the ability to eliminate free radicals; decreasing cholinergic neuron damage and reducing the abnormal activation and hyperplasia of astrocytes.
The causes or risk factors include age and family history.
Signs & symptoms: Forgetfulness, difficulty remembering recent events, activities, or names of familiar people or things, simple maths becomes hard to solve. Speaking, understanding, reading or writing problems. Anxiety or aggression, wandering away from home, etc.
Acupuncture can reduce the progress of Alzheimer's Disease and Dementia, relieve the symptoms and improve the quality of life.